The City University of New York

Academic Integrity 

A Project of the

University Faculty Senate
 of the
City University of New York
Editor: Philip A. Pecorino

 Website Resource for A Model Program

II. Policy

Academic integrity is a commitment, even in the face of adversity, to five fundamental values:

honesty, trust, fairness, respect, and responsibility.  From these values flow principles of behavior that enable academic communities to translate ideals into action.”                                          From the Center for Academic Integrity

 

Policy Statement

Assessment of student knowledge is a necessary part of academic life.  The educational process must provide  opportunities for students to demonstrate understanding and knowledge in each of their courses and to have their command of subject matters and skills evaluated fairly by the faculty.  Students must be guided, therefore, by the most rigorous standards of academic honesty in preparing all assignments and exercises and examinations. It is essential that everyone believe it has been done fairly. Students at the College are expected to be honest and forthright in their academic endeavors.  In cases of doubt about ethical conduct, students should consult their instructors.  To falsify the results of one's research, to steal the words or ideas of another, to cheat on an examination, or to allow another to commit an act of academic dishonesty corrupts the essential process by which knowledge is advanced. It is the official policy of the College that all acts or attempted acts that are violations of academic integrity be reported to the Office of Student Affairs. At the faculty member's discretion and with the concurrence of the student or students involved, some cases, though reported to the Office of Student Affairs, may be resolved within the confines of the course and department. All others will be adjudicated within the process described in the section marked Violations of Academic Integrity.

While the institution must preserve the integrity of its academic programs and degrees, it should also assist in the academic and character development of those who enter it for study.  For those who violate the Code of Academic Integrity, an effort should be made to educate them as to what constitutes a violation and why it is wrong, and a further effort should be made to discourage repetition of such offenses.  On the other hand, the College cannot permit a student to earn a degree in a manner that involves repeated violations of the code.  Such misconduct undermines the integrity of the academic program. 

It is the policy of the College to suspend or dismiss from the College any student who has committed more than one violation of academic integrity.  Such actions will be taken according to the procedures established as part of the academic integrity program.

It is the policy of the College to deny a degree or certificate to any student who has committed more than one violation of academic integrity. Such denials shall be extended to revocations of previously awarded degree or certificate should such violations be made known subsequent to those awards.

 

Distinguishing disciplinary cases from academic integrity violations 

Violations of academic integrity will be afforded due process.  When multiple violations of the Code of Academic Integrity so warrant, the matter will be investigated by the chief student affairs officer or designee, who will follow the disciplinary procedures of Article XV of the Bylaws of the Trustees of the University.  The University Regulations governing student conduct on campus and the disposition of disciplinary cases are clearly stipulated in the College catalogue.  All considerations of due process are followed explicitly. 

What is essential in cases of violations of academic integrity is that the College provide notification to the student, including informing the student of the departmental appeal process.  

Violations of academic integrity include any incidents related to classroom work or preparation for classroom work in which students use in whole or in part the work of others without authorization or, in the case of written materials, appropriate the work of others without proper acknowledgement.  These violations include, but are not limited to, those listed under FORMS OF ACADEMIC INTEGRITY VIOLATIONS.      

FORMS OF ACADEMIC INTEGRITY VIOLATIONS[1] 

There are a number of ways that violations of academic integrity can occur.  Principal among them are the four types listed below.  It should be noted, however, that misconduct in any of these categories or combination of categories may be subject to disciplinary measures if it is deemed by the Office of Student Affairs, based on reports submitted by the Academic Departments, that the conduct rises to the level of disciplinary misconduct. 

Plagiarism

Plagiarism is the inclusion of someone else's words, ideas or data as one's own work without acknowledging the source. When a student submits work for credit that includes the words, ideas or data of others, the source of that information must be acknowledged through complete, accurate, and specific references and, if verbatim statements are included, through quotation marks as well. By placing his/her name on work submitted for credit, the student certifies the originality of all work not otherwise identified by appropriate acknowledgments. Plagiarism covers unpublished as well as published sources, including internet-accessed materials. Examples of plagiarism include but are not limited to:

·        Quoting another person's actual words, complete sentences or paragraphs, or entire piece of written work without acknowledgment of the source; Copying another person's actual words without the use of quotation marks and footnotes.

·        Using another person's ideas, opinions, or theory even if it is completely paraphrased in one's own words, without acknowledgment of the source

·        Borrowing facts, statistics or other illustrative materials that are not clearly common knowledge without acknowledgment of the source

·        Copying another student's essay test answers

·        Copying, or allowing another student to copy a computer file that contains another student's assignment, and submitting it, in part or in its entirety, as one's own

·        Working together on an assignment, sharing the computer files and programs involved, and then submitting individual copies of the assignment as one's own work

•     Failing to acknowledge collaborators on homework and laboratory assignments.

When in doubt about rules concerning plagiarism, students are urged to consult with individual faculty members, academic departments, or recognized handbooks in their field.

Fabrication

Fabrication is the use of invented information or the falsification of research or other findings. Examples of fabrication include but are not limited to:

·        Citation of information not taken from the source indicated. This may include the incorrect documentation of secondary source materials

·        Listing sources in a bibliography that are not directly used in the academic exercise

·        Submission in a paper, thesis, lab report or other academic exercise of falsified, invented, or fictitious data or evidence, or deliberate and knowing concealment or distortion of the true nature, origin or function of such data or evidence

·        Submitting as your own any academic exercises (e.g., written work, printing, musical composition, painting, sculpture, etc.) prepared totally or in part by another

Cheating

Cheating is an act or an attempted act of deception by which students seek to misrepresent that they have mastered information on an academic exercise that they have not mastered. Examples of cheating include but are not limited to:

·        Copying from another student's test paper

·        Allowing another student to copy from a test paper

·         Unauthorized use of course textbook or other material such as a notebook or notes in any form to complete a test or other assignment

·        Collaborating on a test, quiz or other project with any other person(s) without authorization

·        Using or possessing specifically prepared but unauthorized materials during a test, e.g., notes, formula lists, notes written on the student's clothing, study aids, devices or communication during an academic exercise.  Preparing answers or writing notes in a blue book (exam booklet) before an examination.

·        Using electronic instruments, such as cell phones, pagers, etc., to obtain or transmit or to share information, when prohibited

·        Participating in any academic exercise such as a test using the name of another person or permitting someone else to participate in such an exercise for oneself.

Academic misconduct

Academic misconduct includes any act to gain an undue academic benefit for oneself or to cause academic harm to another.  Such misconduct includes dishonest acts such as tampering with grades or taking part in obtaining or distributing any part of an unadministered test. Examples of academic misconduct include but are not limited to:

·        Stealing, buying or otherwise obtaining and possessing all or part of an unadministered test or academic device not authorized for such person to possess

·        Unauthorized presence in a building or office or any location for the purpose of obtaining all or part of an unadministered test or academic device not authorized for such person to possess

·        Selling or giving away all or part of an unadministered test, including answers to an unadministered test or academic device not authorized for such person to possess

·        Bribing any other person to obtain an unadministered test, including answers to an unadministered or academic device not authorized for such person to possess

·        Unauthorized presence in an office or any location for the purpose of changing a grade in a grade book, on a test, or on other work for which a grade is given

·        Changing, altering or being an accessory to the changing and/or altering of a grade in a grade book, on a test, a change-of-grade form or other official academic records of the college which relate to grades

·        Continuing to work on an examination or project after the allotted time has elapsed

·        Taking an examination for another student. Asking or allowing another student to take an examination for you.

•     Changing a graded exam and returning it for more credit.

•     Submitting substantial portions of the same paper to two classes without consulting with instructors.

•     Giving assistance or failing to report witnessed acts of academic misconduct/dishonesty.

•     Depriving other students of access to library materials by stealing, destroying, defacing, or concealing them

•     Retaining, using or circulating examination materials which clearly indicate that they should be returned at the end of the exam.

•     Intentionally obstructing or interfering with another student's work.

·        Promoting violations of academic integrity in any form, including but not limited to publicizing the availability of sources for obtaining papers and exercises


Falsification of Records and Official Documents

The following are some examples of falsification:

•     Forging signatures of authorization.

·        Falsifying information on an official academic record.

·       Falsifying information on an official document such as a grade report, letter of permission, drop/add form, ID card or other college document.


[1] Based on a University of Delaware listing and from Baruch College (CUNY) at:

http://www.baruch.cuny.edu/academic/academic_integrity.htm#falsification_records