Chapter  14: Ethnicity , Race and Gender Issues  

BASICS ON THE DISPARITIES ARTICLES

CURRENT SITUATION:   CDC Health Disparities & Inequalities Report (CHDIR) - Minority Health – 2013 CDC   Office of Health Equity (OHE) aims to accelerate CDC’s health impact in the U.S population and to eliminate health disparities for vulnerable populations as defined by race/ethnicity, socio-economic status, geography, gender, age, disability status, risk status related to sex and gender, and among other populations identified to be at-risk for health disparities.

CURRENT SITUATION:   WHO Current Inequity Monitor

FUTURE GOAL:  Objectives and Data - Healthy People 2030 | health.gov

Healthy People 2030 objectives were carefully chosen based on national data. Learn more about Healthy People data and objectives.    https://health.gov/healthypeople/objectives-and-data

CURRENT SITUATION:  Disparities in Health and Health Care: 5 Key Questions and Answers  2023

https://www.kff.org/racial-equity-and-health-policy/issue-brief/disparities-in-health-and-health-care-5-key-question-and-answers/

Inequality and the health-care system in the USA

Samuel L Dickman  ¹ , David U Himmelstein  ² , Steffie Woolhandler  ³   

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28402825/

The State of Health Disparities in the United States

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › books › NBK425844   by A Baciu · 2017 ·

Racism, Inequality, and Health Care for African Americans  

By Jamila Taylor December 19, 2019  https://tcf.org/content/report/racism-inequality-health-care-african-americans/

Inequality and the health-care system in the USA  by SL Dickman · 2017  The Lancet

https://www.thelancet.com › lancet › article › fulltext

Achieving Racial and Ethnic Equity in U.S. Health Care

A Scorecard of State Performance  November 2021 https://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/scorecard/2021/nov/achieving-racial-ethnic-equity-us-health-care-state-performance

US health care can’t afford health inequities

Inequities in the US health system cost approximately $320 billion today and could eclipse $1 trillion in annual spending by 2040 if left unaddressed.  https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/insights/industry/health-care/economic-cost-of-health-disparities.html

Health Inequity in the United States | Penn LDI   by JJ Escarce · 2019      https://ldi.upenn.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Penn-LDI-Health-Inequity-in-the-United-States-Report_5.pdf

PHILOSOPHICAL  ETHICAL ARTICLES

The Moral Problem of Health Disparities   by Cynthia M. Jones https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2837423/

The ethics and politics of addressing health inequalities  Stephen H Bradley, clinical research fellowA https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8002784/

The Moral Problem of Health Disparities   by Cynthia M. Jones   https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2837423/

The Ethics of Health Disparities  Larry Polivka, Ph.D.  2015  https://claudepeppercenter.fsu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/Generations-Article-The-Ethics-of-Health-Disparities-9-2014.pdf

“The health equity curse”: ethical tensions in promoting health equity by  Bernie Pauly, Tina Revai, Lenora Marcellus, Wanda Martin, Kathy Easton & Marjorie MacDonald  https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-021-11594-y

AMA CODE OF ETHICS Disparities in Health Care 

https://code-medical-ethics.ama-assn.org/ethics-opinions/disparities-health-care

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