I. Clarify Topic
State CONCLUSION, Explain
conclusion
ll. State Basic Reasoning
Describe the basic approaches taken
III. Develop Evidence and Support
Gather the facts, data, studies
Expert witnesses, authorities, formal
studies
IV. Consider Objections
| State objections(1) and respond(1) to each one |
| state objections(2) to the responses and respond(2) |
| state objections(3) and respond(3) to each one |
V. Respond to Alternative Positions and Counter-arguments
| cite entirely different approaches, world views etc... |
| show why favored position is to be preferred |
i.e., better argued, more evidence, more consistent with other
goals
VI. Be aware of weaknesses and possible future criticisms be prepared
for unexpected and new evidence
VII. Restate Basic Reasoning (summary)
VIII. Restate Conclusion
IX. Review entire argument
use full analytic and evaluative
procedures
X. Rework the argument in light of criticisms, weaknesses etc..